Waste to Energy

MoWA Museum of Wast Art

Fall, 2024 

Site Location: East 74th Street New York City
Team: Changwan Lim
Instructor: Fei Wang

Asian Design Award (ADA) 23th Edition
Excellence Award


At the edge of Manhattan’s East River, on 74th Street, stands the weathered shell of a 1900s power station—once a monumental engine of New York City’s growth. Built of brick, stone, and steel, the structure received coal by boat, raised its chimney year after year to keep pace with the rising skyline, and carried the physical memory of industrial production in every soot-marked joint. Today, only fragments of that history remain: a 60m by 180m footprint, an 80-foot-tall envelope, and a façade punctured by openings once used to unload coal from the river.

Our studio was tasked with transforming this long-abandoned structure into a Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plant. But the project was never conceived as a clean slate. Instead, it became an exercise in working with the relic, not against it, and asking how a piece of New York’s infrastructural past might meaningfully support a new system of urban production
The existing 1900 envelope—massive, materially rich, and historically charged—became the project’s anchor. Rather than demolish it, we preserved the original walls as an enclosing armature, using their structural logic to frame new public and industrial programs. Selective removal of the façade creates a deliberate breach: a long axial opening that extends a view from the East River directly into the heart of the WtE plant. The cut becomes both a historical incision and a public invitation—revealing, rather than concealing, the city’s contemporary systems of energy production.

The project sinks the façade slightly below current street level, compressing the approach and making the preserved wall feel larger, heavier, and more monumental. The gesture pulls visitors closer to the artifact and clarifies that the new architecture grows from the old, not over it.